分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Scombriformes (Mackerels) >
Gempylidae (Snake mackerels)
Etymology: Diplospinus: Greek, diploos = twice + Latin, spina = spine, thorn (Ref. 45335).
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 底中水層性; 深度上下限 50 - 1000 m (Ref. 9784). ; 42°N - 38°S, 180°W - 180°E
Atlantic, Indian and Pacific: in central water masses. Rather rare, but relatively abundant in the northwest and southeast Atlantic and southeast Pacific Ref. 6181).
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ?, range 16 - ? cm
Max length : 33.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9784); common length : 20.0 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 6181)
背棘 (總數): 30 - 36; 背的軟條 (總數): 35-44; 臀棘 2; 臀鰭軟條: 28 - 35; 脊椎骨: 57 - 64. Body is extremely elongate and compressed. Lower jaw extends anterior to upper jaw with a small conical dermal process. Upper jaw with 3 immovable and 3 or 4 movable fang-like teeth anteriorly. Lateral line situated closer to the ventral profile than the dorsal profile posteriorly. Color is silvery with narrow dark dotted lines along the body; the gill membranes are jet-black.
Oceanic, migrating upward at night to 100 to 200 m (Ref. 6181). Probably forming schools during daytime (Ref. 6181). Feed on crustaceans and small fish (Ref. 6181). Females mature at about 16 cm (Ref. 36731). Eggs and larvae are pelagic (Ref. 6766).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin, 1993. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 15. Snake mackerels and cutlassfishes of the world (families Gempylidae and Trichiuridae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the snake mackerels, snoeks, escolars, gemfishes, sackfishes, domine, oilfish, cutlassfishes,. scabbardfishes, hairtails, and frostfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(15):136 p. (Ref. 6181)
人類使用
漁業: 自給性漁業
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 8.7 - 19.2, mean 13.1 °C (based on 808 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 1.0000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00363 (0.00163 - 0.00807), b=3.10 (2.91 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.52 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Fec=1,200).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low to moderate vulnerability (30 of 100).