分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋 礁区鱼类; 深度上下限 1 - 20 m (Ref. 90102).
Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and Maldives to Japan, the Philippines and Indonesia.
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 18.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 48636)
背棘 (总数): 12; 背的软条 (总数): 25-28; 臀棘 3; 臀鳍软条: 20 - 22.
Occur in coral reefs in pairs or several aggregations. Juveniles in estuaries (Ref. 48636). Commonly exported to Europe and America, but quite difficult to acclimate to aquarium conditions. Feed on coral polyps. Usually found on reef edge and upper slope (Ref. 6113). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Form pairs during breeding (Ref. 205).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). Monogamous mating is observed as both obligate and social (Ref. 52884).
Allen, G.R., 1985. Butterfly and angelfishes of the world. Vol. 2. 3rd edit. in English. Mergus Publishers, Melle, Germany. (Ref. 4858)
人类利用
水族馆: 商业性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 25.3 - 29.2, mean 28.5 °C (based on 2565 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.02291 (0.01133 - 0.04632), b=3.00 (2.83 - 3.17), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.8 ±0.43 se; based on food items.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增时间少于 15个月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 98.2 [51.2, 151.9] mg/100g; Iron = 0.8 [0.5, 1.3] mg/100g; Protein = 18.7 [17.6, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.113 [0.070, 0.181] g/100g; Selenium = 28.6 [16.2, 53.7] μg/100g; VitaminA = 51.1 [15.8, 165.6] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.37 [0.93, 1.98] mg/100g (wet weight);