分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Eupercaria/misc (Various families in series Eupercaria) >
Gerreidae (Mojarras)
Etymology: Gerres: Latin, gerres = a kind of anchovies; cited by Plinius.
More on author: Regan.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水 底中水層性. ; 11°S - 36°S, 24°E - 51°E
Western Indian Ocean: southern Mozambique to Algoa Bay, South Africa; also reported from Madagascar.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 14.0  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 30.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5213); common length : 20.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3409)
背棘 (總數): 9; 背的軟條 (總數): 10-11; 臀棘 3; 臀鰭軟條: 7. Silvery in color but olive brown above; brown stripes following scale rows above lateral line and the 4 rows below it; spinous dorsal fin with black margins (Ref. 4372). Squamation pattern on the preopercular flange 5-17 scales (Ref. 41102).
Adults inhabit coastal waters including estuaries. They form schools (Ref. 5213). They feed on invertebrates (Ref. 3409). Fry about 10 cm in length enter the estuaries and stay until they reach maturity (Ref. 34363).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Woodland, D.J., 1986. Gerreidae. p. 608-609. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4372)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 23.8 - 27.7, mean 26.3 °C (based on 68 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.01820 (0.00963 - 0.03438), b=3.05 (2.89 - 3.21), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.59 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (20 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 78.9 [35.9, 162.3] mg/100g; Iron = 0.812 [0.391, 1.642] mg/100g; Protein = 18.6 [16.7, 20.6] %; Omega3 = 0.282 [0.131, 0.554] g/100g; Selenium = 21.5 [10.1, 44.5] μg/100g; VitaminA = 12 [3, 45] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.884 [0.568, 1.404] mg/100g (wet weight);