分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Clupeiformes (Herrings) >
Engraulidae (Anchovies) > Engraulinae
Etymology: Cetengraulis: Greek, ketos = a marine monster, whale + Greek, eggraulis, -eos = anchovy (Ref. 45335).
More on author: Cuvier.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 半鹹淡水; 深度上下限 10 - ? m. ; 23°N - 28°S, 98°W - 32°W (Ref. 189)
Western Atlantic: in the Antilles, from Cuba southward; Costa Rica south and east to Colombia and Venezuela, Trinidad south to Itapema, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 13.7 range ? - ? cm
Max length : 20.5 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 125970); common length : 15.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 5217); 最大體重: 140.58 g (Ref. 125970)
背棘 (總數): 0; 臀棘 0; 臀鰭軟條: 18 - 24. Head large and deep. Snout short and pointed, about 2/3 eye diameter; maxilla moderate, tip blunt, just failing to reach lower jaw articulation; fine and numerous lower gill rakers, increasing in large fishes; no gill rakers on posterior face of third epibranchial. Branchiostegal rays 8, long and slender; branchiostegal membrane broad. Silver stripe disappearing at about 10 cm SL (Ref. 189). Dusky dots on upper surface of head and snout, series of large black dots along base of anal (Ref. 37032).
Occurs inshore and forms quite large schools. Enters brackish waters of lagoons and estuaries and can tolerate salinities of 10.32-31 ppt (Santa Cruz Canal, Pernambuco, Brazil). A filter-feeder presumably on both phytoplankton and zooplankton. Spawns off the Araya Peninsula, Venezuela from October to January, with a distinct peak in mid-November. Eggs are oval, spawned at 0230-0500 hours along shoreline out to about 1.5 km and hatching at about 20-24 hours later.
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana, 1988. FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 誘餌: usually
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 24.4 - 28, mean 27.4 °C (based on 76 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00490 (0.00392 - 0.00612), b=3.23 (3.17 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 2.1 ±0.07 se; based on food items.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增時間最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (K=0.13-0.22; Fec=8,189 (batch fecundity)).
Prior r = 0.55, 95% CL = 0.37 - 0.83, Based on 3 stock assessments.
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Moderate vulnerability (44 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 189 [109, 487] mg/100g; Iron = 1.52 [0.77, 2.95] mg/100g; Protein = 18.3 [16.7, 19.9] %; Omega3 = 0.389 [0.196, 0.833] g/100g; Selenium = 31.4 [14.3, 73.9] μg/100g; VitaminA = 24.9 [5.4, 82.9] μg/100g; Zinc = 2.65 [1.77, 4.20] mg/100g (wet weight);
