分类 / Names
俗名 | 同种异名 | Catalog of Fishes(属, 种) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生态学
海洋; 半咸淡水 居于水底的; 深度上下限 1 - 357 m (Ref. 58426). ; 52°N - 38°N, 75°W - 60°W
Northwest Atlantic: Strait of Belle Isle and Gulf of St. Lawrence in Canada to New Jersey in USA.
大小 / 重量 / 年龄
Maturity: Lm ?  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 18.0 cm TL 雄鱼/尚未辨别雌雄; (Ref. 7251)
Occurs in estuaries (especially in the north) (Ref. 7251) to 357 m depth (Ref. 58426). It is tolerant of temperatures between 0 and 21°C (Ref. 58426). Abundant among beds of eelgrass (Zostera) (Ref. 5951). Feeds on crustaceans, mollusks, sea squirts, sea urchins and fishes (alewives, cunner, eels, saand lance, mummichogs, silversides, sticklebacks and tomcod (Ref. 5951)) (Ref. 58426).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 产卵场 | 卵 | 孕卵数 | 仔鱼
Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray, 1986. A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251)
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 0.5 - 9.5, mean 4.9 °C (based on 133 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5000 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00794 (0.00389 - 0.01621), b=3.12 (2.95 - 3.29), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
营养阶层 (Ref.
69278): 3.7 ±0.0 se; based on diet studies.
回复力 (Ref.
120179): 中等的, 族群倍增时间最少 1.4 - 4.4年 (Preliminary K or Fecundity.).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (10 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 158 [30, 544] mg/100g; Iron = 0.364 [0.118, 1.003] mg/100g; Protein = 18.8 [15.9, 21.1] %; Omega3 = 1.25 [0.53, 3.53] g/100g; Selenium = 12.6 [5.9, 29.8] μg/100g; VitaminA = 27.6 [9.5, 79.5] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.3 [0.5, 2.5] mg/100g (wet weight);