分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Teleostei >
Carangiformes (Jacks) >
Carangidae (Jacks and pompanos) > Caranginae
Etymology: Trachurus: Greek, trachys, -eia, -ys = rough + Greek, oura = tail (Ref. 45335); symmetricus: From symmetricus which means regularly formed - referring to the rough tail (Ref. 6885).
More on author: Ayres.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 400 m. ; 65°N - 13°N
Eastern Pacific: southeastern Alaska to southern Baja California, Mexico and the Gulf of California; reported from Acapulco in Mexico and the Galapagos Islands.
大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm ? range ? - 31 cm
Max length : 81.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 2850); common length : 55.0 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9283); 最大年齡: 30 年 (Ref. 766)
背棘 (總數): 8 - 9; 背的軟條 (總數): 28-38; 臀棘 1-2; 臀鰭軟條: 22 - 33; 脊椎骨: 23 - 25. Small specimens may have an additional forward-directed spine at first dorsal origin (embedded in larger specimens).
Adults are often found offshore, up to 500 miles from the coast (Ref. 9283). They form large schools (Ref. 2850). Young frequently occur in school near kelp and under piers (Ref. 2850). They feed mainly on small crustaceans and fish larvae (Ref. 9283). Large individuals often move inshore and north in the summer (Ref. 2850). Marketed fresh, smoked, canned and frozen; eaten fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9988).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann, 1983. A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)
人類使用
漁業: 商業性; 游釣魚種: 是的
更多資訊
參考文獻養殖養殖資訊品種遺傳學Electrophoreses遺傳率疾病加工NutrientsMass conversion
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 7 - 16.2, mean 9.2 °C (based on 50 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.5001 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00977 (0.00587 - 0.01627), b=2.96 (2.82 - 3.10), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this species & Genus-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.6 ±0.2 se; based on diet studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (K=0.09-0.21;tm=2-3; tmax=30; Fec<50,000).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High to very high vulnerability (66 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate vulnerability (38 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 256 [162, 427] mg/100g; Iron = 4.83 [2.91, 8.14] mg/100g; Protein = 19.8 [19.0, 20.6] %; Omega3 = 0.337 [0.227, 0.527] g/100g; Selenium = 34.8 [19.9, 61.1] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.65 [1.75, 28.82] μg/100g; Zinc = 1.51 [1.11, 2.16] mg/100g (wet weight);
