分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Holocephali
全頭亞綱 (銀鮫科) (chimaeras) >
Chimaeriformes (Chimaeras) >
Callorhinchidae (Plownose chimaeras)
Etymology: Callorhinchus: Tautonymous with Chimaera callorynchus Linnaeus 1758 (but unnecessarily emended from -rynchus to -rhinchus: callum (L.), hard skin; rhynchus (L.), snout, referring to peculiar hoe-shaped proboscis. (See ETYFish); capensis: -ensis, Latin suffix denoting place: Cape of Good Hope, type locality. (See ETYFish).
More on author: Duméril.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋 居於水底的; 深度上下限 10 - 374 m (Ref. 5578), usually 10 - 200 m (Ref. 3180). ; 17°S - 35°S, 11°E - 34°E
Southeast Atlantic: Namibia to the Cape and Natal in South Africa (Ref. 5578, 58304).
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 49.6  range ? - ? cm
Max length : 122 cm TL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 3180); 最大體重: 5.3 kg (Ref. 40637)
簡短描述
型態特徵 | 形態測量圖
背棘 (總數): 1. An elephant fish with a hoe-like snout and arched caudal fin (Ref. 5578). Silvery or bronzy with brown markings on flanks and head; fin webs brown (Ref. 5578).
Found from close inshore and shallow bays to the slope (Ref. 5578). Feeds on small fish and a wide variety of invertebrates (Ref. 27121). Oviparous (Ref. 50449). Produces egg-cases that are spindle shaped, with broad horizontal flanges (Ref. 36731). This species is known to host on its gills monogenean parasites Callorhynchocotyle callorhynchi (Manter, 1955) (Hexabothriidae) and Callorhynchicola multitesticulatus Manter, 1955 (Chimaericolidae) on its gills (Ref. 124045, 124046). Sold commercially as 'silver trumpeter' (Ref. 3180) and considered a delicacy in southern Africa (Ref. 27121). Minimum depth reported from Ref. 7403.
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Krefft, G., 1990. Callorynchidae. p. 117. In J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Parisl. Vol. 1. (Ref. 7403)
IUCN 瀕危狀態 (Ref. 130435)
無危 (LC) ; Date assessed: 02 September 2019
人類使用
漁業: 低經濟; 游釣魚種: 是的
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 10.3 - 21, mean 16.2 °C (based on 200 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00437 (0.00175 - 0.01086), b=3.12 (2.90 - 3.34), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.5 ±0.52 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 21.3 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 2
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 低的, 最小族群倍增時間4.5 - 14 年 (Fec assumed to be <100).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): High vulnerability (59 of 100).
Climate Vulnerability (Ref.
125649): Moderate to high vulnerability (50 of 100).
Nutrients (Ref.
124155): Calcium = 27.3 [7.3, 78.0] mg/100g; Iron = 0.819 [0.288, 3.576] mg/100g; Protein = 14.1 [11.0, 18.4] %; Omega3 = 0.255 [0.106, 0.572] g/100g; Selenium = 38.9 [8.7, 103.3] μg/100g; VitaminA = 6.42 [2.18, 18.02] μg/100g; Zinc = 0.549 [0.281, 1.037] mg/100g (wet weight);