分類 / Names
俗名 | 同種異名 | Catalog of Fishes(屬, 種) | ITIS | CoL | WoRMS | Cloffa
Issue
Issue on validity of subspecies: subspecies considered as valid in FB, elevated to species rank as Oxyporhamphus micropterus (Valenciennes, 1847) in Eschmeyer (CofF ver. Mar. 2011: Ref. 86697). Please send references, or more studies are needed.
Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
生態學
海洋; 海洋洄游的 (Ref. 51243); 深度上下限 0 - 1 m (Ref. 58302). ; 20°N - 20°S
Indo-Pacific: East Africa to Tonga, north to southern Japan (Ref. 33390). Eastern Pacific: Mexico to Peru (Ref. 9306). Replaced in the Atlantic by Oxyporhamphus similis.
Length at first maturity / 大小 / 重量 / 年齡
Maturity: Lm 12.8, range 13 - 13 cm
Max length : 18.5 cm SL 雄魚/尚未辨別雌雄; (Ref. 9843)
背棘 (總數): 0; 背的軟條 (總數): 13-15; 臀棘 0; 臀鰭軟條: 13 - 16; 脊椎骨: 47 - 50. Adults with a single large chamber to the swim bladder. Average number of gill rakers on the first arch, 30.7; predorsal scales, 31.1 on the average. Branchiostegal rays: 11-14 (Ref. 36576).
A true oceanic species, not bound to coastal waters at any period of its life (Ref. 9843).This species is the only halfbeak which doesn't have an extended lower jaw at the adult phase (Ref. 9306). Oviparous, with planktonic eggs and larvae (Ref. 36576).
Life cycle and mating behavior
成熟度 | 繁殖 | 產卵場 | 卵 | 孕卵數 | 仔魚
Collette, B.B., 1986. Hemiramphidae. p. 388-391. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4164)
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Estimates based on models
Preferred temperature (Ref.
123201): 26.3 - 29.2, mean 27.9 °C (based on 25608 cells).
Phylogenetic diversity index (Ref.
82804): PD
50 = 0.7500 [Uniqueness, from 0.5 = low to 2.0 = high].
Bayesian length-weight: a=0.00324 (0.00148 - 0.00710), b=3.08 (2.90 - 3.26), in cm total length, based on LWR estimates for this (Sub)family-body shape (Ref.
93245).
營養階層 (Ref.
69278): 3.1 ±0.15 se; based on food items.
Generation time: 1.1 ( na - na) years. Estimated as median ln(3)/K based on 1
growth studies.
回復力 (Ref.
120179): 高度, 族群倍增時間少於 15個月 (K=1.0).
Fishing Vulnerability (Ref.
59153): Low vulnerability (15 of 100).