Environment: milieu / climate zone / depth range / distribution range
Ecology
Marine; demersal; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); depth range 5 - 50 m (Ref. 6302). Temperate; 64°N - 26°N, 24°W - 42°E
Eastern Atlantic: 68°N to Morocco. Reported from Iceland (Ref. 12462). Also known throughout the Mediterranean and Black Sea.
Length at first maturity / Size / Weight / Age
Maturity: Lm 37.0, range 33 - 41 cm
Max length : 75.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 35388); common length : 30.0 cm TL male/unsexed; (Ref. 3397); max. published weight: 8.0 kg (Ref. 35388); max. reported age: 6 years (Ref. 38118)
Thinner and more slender body. Skin with small, smooth scales, without bony tubercle. Able to change color of the eyed side, matching the bottom they rest on. Color is often olive green, with dark and light spots (Ref. 35388).
Lives on sandy or mixed bottoms; feeds on bottom-living fishes and larger crustaceans. Marketed fresh and frozen; eaten steamed, fried, broiled, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988).
Bauchot, M.-L., 1987. Poissons osseux. p. 891-1421. In W. Fischer, M.L. Bauchot and M. Schneider (eds.) Fiches FAO d'identification pour les besoins de la pêche. (rev. 1). Méditerranée et mer Noire. Zone de pêche 37. Vol. II. Commission des Communautés Européennes and FAO, Rome. (Ref. 3397)
IUCN Red List Status (Ref. 130435)
Threat to humans
Harmless
Human uses
Fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes
Tools
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