Main Ref. | Thollot, P., 1996 |
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Remarks | Inhabits lagoon and sheltered seaward reefs (Ref. 9710); also found in bays (Ref. 9768) and seagrass beds (Ref. 51139). Present in seagrass beds at all life stages (Ref. 41878). Usually occurs in schools (Refs. 11889, 127989, 9773). Feeds on fishes and large invertebrates (Refs. 41878, 127989, 9773). Pelagic inshore (Ref. 127989). Dwells in coral reefs. Schooling species (Ref. 9773). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | Pelagic; Soft Bottom: sand; mud; |
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Substrate Ref. | Shao, K.-T. and L.-S. Chen, 1992 |
Special habitats | Beds: sea grass; Coral Reefs; |
Special habitats Ref. | Gell, F.R. and M.W. Whittington, 2002 |
Ref. | |
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Associations | schooling; |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Thollot, P., 1996 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Thollot, P., 1996 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 4.20 | 0.59 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |