Main Ref. | Allen, G.R., 1991 |
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Remarks | Occurs in still waters of streams and swamps where it is usually seen near the surface or close to shore among aquatic vegetation. Young feed primarily on microcrustaceans (Ref. 2847). Primarily a surface feeder, feeding on a variety of terrestrial and aquatic insects, small fishes, crustaceans, and some plant material (Ref. 44894). |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | plants/detritus+animals (troph. 2.2-2.79) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Tait, R.D., 1981 |
Feeding habit | variable |
Feeding habit Ref. | Tait, R.D., 1981 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | 2.80 | 0.11 | 2.80 | 0.33 | Troph of adults from 5 studies. |
From individual food items | 3.26 | 0.44 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. | Tait, R.D., 1981 |