Main Ref. | Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin, 1993 |
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Remarks | Adults, bentho- to mesopelagic, dwell on the continental slope or underwater rises, migrating to midwater at night. Larvae and juveniles, epi- to mesopelagic, are rather common in oceanic ichthyoplankton and are only found in the tropics. Feeds on squid, fish and crustaceans. |
Marine - Neritic | Marine - Oceanic | Brackishwater | Freshwater | |
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Marine zones / Brackish and freshwater bodies |
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Substrate | |
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Substrate Ref. | |
Special habitats | |
Special habitats Ref. |
Ref. | |
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Associations | |
Associated with | |
Association remarks | |
Parasitism |
Feeding type | mainly animals (troph. 2.8 and up) |
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Feeding type Ref. | Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin, 1993 |
Feeding habit | hunting macrofauna (predator) |
Feeding habit Ref. | Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin, 1993 |
Estimation method | Original sample | Unfished population | Remark | ||
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Troph | s.e. | Troph | s.e. | ||
From diet composition | |||||
From individual food items | 4.33 | 0.71 | Trophic level estimated from a number of food items using a randomized resampling routine. | ||
Ref. |